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8 November 2025

Why I Made the Ethiopian Constitution Bilingual

Most Ethiopians have never read their own constitution. I built a bilingual Amharic–English site to fix that — and learned what it means to build software for your own people.

The Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia's constitution was ratified in 1995. Most Ethiopians have never read it.

Not because they don't care — but because it has never been accessible. The official text exists in Amharic and English, but finding a readable version online, on a phone, in either language, is genuinely difficult.

I built ethio-constitution.vercel.app to change that.

The technical choices

The site is a SvelteKit 2 static site — no server, no database, no JavaScript required to read. Just HTML and CSS delivered from Vercel's edge network.

The entire constitution lives in structured data files. Updating any article is a one-line change. Each article has its Amharic and English text stored as parallel data, rendered side by side.

The font choice mattered: Noto Sans Ethiopic is the only web font that handles the Fidel script reliably across devices. I load it from Google Fonts with display: swap so the content appears immediately even before the font loads.

What I learned

Building for Amharic first taught me things about internationalization I hadn't encountered building for English. The Fidel script is an abugida — each character represents a consonant-vowel pair — and the line-height and font-size defaults that work for Latin text look wrong for Ethiopic. I spent more time on typography than on any feature.

The biggest lesson was simpler: the act of publishing matters. Before I built this site, the FDRE constitution was technically public but practically inaccessible. Now it isn't. That's the whole project. Good software doesn't need to be complex.

What's next

I want to add article-level bookmarking and a search function. If you have ideas or want to contribute, the source is on GitHub.

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